Mexico’s corporate and commercial framework allows foreign individuals and entities to participate in business activities through several legal structures, primarily corporations (Sociedades Anónimas), limited liability companies (Sociedades de Responsabilidad Limitada), and branches of foreign companies. Foreign investment is generally permitted, but certain strategic sectors—such as energy transmission, specific transportation services, and broadcasting—are restricted or capped under the Foreign Investment Law. To operate legally, companies must be incorporated before a Mexican notary public, registered with the Public Registry of Commerce, and comply with tax and regulatory obligations.

Foreign investors must also register with the National Registry of Foreign Investments (RNIE), providing periodic updates on corporate structure, financial information, and operational changes. This registry ensures transparency and monitoring of foreign participation in the Mexican economy. Additionally, companies with foreign shareholders must maintain corporate books, comply with anti–money laundering regulations, and observe sector‑specific licensing requirements when applicable. These obligations are designed to align foreign participation with national economic policy and regulatory oversight.

Commercial operations involving foreigners are governed by the Commercial Code, the General Law of Business Organizations, and specialized statutes depending on the industry. Foreigners may freely engage in commercial contracts, acquire assets, and conduct cross‑border transactions, provided they comply with tax rules, including obtaining a Mexican tax identification number (RFC) and fulfilling reporting duties. Overall, Mexico’s legal system offers a relatively open environment for foreign commercial activity, balancing investment promotion with regulatory safeguards and sectoral limitations.